Climate
Q1 From which directions are the winds blowing towards Brazil ? What could be the reason behind that ?
Ans 1} The winds are blowing from the N.E. and S.E. directions towards Brazil.
2} A low pressure belt is found near the equitorial region in Brazil.
3} The winds from the high pressure belt in the southern and northern hemispheres blow towards this region in Brazil.
4} This in the northern part of Brazil the N.E. Trade Winds blow while in the southern of Brazil, the S.E. Trade Winds blow
Q2 Describe in brief the changes occurring in climatic conditions of India while goingfrom south to north ?
Ans 1} India has a monsoon type of climate. However there is diversity in climatic condition due to the latitudinal location and altitude of the place.
2} The tropic of cancer passes through the middle of India. It devides the country into temperate zone in the northern half and tropical zone in the Southern half.
3} As we go from south to north, the rainfall keeps on decreasing.
4} Because of the obstruction caused by the eastern and western ghats, it rains more the coastal areas.
5} The S.W. Monsoon winds blow parallel to the Aravallis so rainfall is low in parts of Gujarat and Rajasthan. Later these winds move towards the Himalayas where orographic type of rainfall accurs.
6} In India as we go from south to north, the temperature in the peninsular region is between 25°c and 30° C while in the mountainous region in north India it is between 5°C and 10°C.
Q3 What is the reason that there is not much difference in the range of temperature in Manaus ?
1} Manaus is located to the north of Brazil.
2} The equator passes through the northern part of Brazil which means that the sun's rays are perpendicular in this region, throughout the year, hence the temperature is hot.
3} The variations between the annual average, maximum and minimum temperatures is comparatively less hence, there is not much difference in the range of temperature in Manaus.
Q4 Why does India receives precipitation from the North-East monsoon Wind too ?
Ans 1} Generally, by October there is a season of retreating monsoon in India.
2} The South-West monsoon winds return from the Himalayan Ranges. While retreating from the north east across the Bay of Bengal, it picks up a significant amount of moisture.
3} While blowing from the north east towards the Indian Ocean, the winds cross the Eastern coasts of India and cause heavy rain in some parts of the peninsula. Thus India receives precipitation from the North-east monsoon winds too.
Q5 Why does the northeastern part of Brazilian Highlands receives very less rainfall ?
Ans 1} Brazil gets rainfall from the South-East Trade winds and the North-East Trade Winds.
2} Parts of the Brazilian highlands extend upto the northern coast. The escarpments act as an obstruction to the winds blowing from the sea and cause orographic type of rainfall in the coastal region.
3} Beyond the highlands, the effect of these winds gets reduced. As a result, the rainfall is minimal. This region is called 'Drought Quadrilateral'.
Hence the northeastern part of Brazilian Highlands receives very less rainfall.
Q6 Why does snowfall doesnt always occur in Brazil ?
Ans 1} Snowfall generally occurs in the temperate and polar zones due to polar winds. It also occurs in the mountainous and hilly regions of high altitudes.
2} Since Brazil is a tropical country it does not normally receive rainfall.
3} There are no mountainous regions in Brazil.
4} It is a country where the sun's rays fall perpendicular and strongly. The temperature is high, the water vapour is intense and it rains a lot.
Hence, snowfall doesn't always occur in Brazil.
Q7 Why is convectional type of rainfall not prominent in India ?
Ans 1} Convectional type of rainfall is experienced in the equatorial region.
2} Air near the equatorial region gets heated due to high intensity of solar radiation. It expands, becomes lighter and moves in an upward direction in the form of convectional currents.
3} In equatorial regions such as Brazil, the precipitation due to convectional rainfall occurs in the afternoon.
4} India is not located near the equator so, it experiences orographic type of rainfall. Hence, convectional type of rainfall is not prominent in India.
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